Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Research is meant to benefit society by raising public awareness and creating products and innovations that enhance development. For research to serve its full purpose, the results must leave the confines of research laboratories and academic journals.

Findings effectively communicated can go a long way to serve the interests of the public. They can help address social injustices or improve treatments offered to patients.

Many researchers seem to be content with sharing the results of their studies in academic journals or at conferences. But few journals allow everybody to read the findings. Even articles freely available are usually written in academic language incomprehensible to the average reader.

For researchers in the tenure-track system, their main goal is winning tenure, which in part can be achieved by getting a number of papers published in prominent journals. Pressures like this mean community-level outreach is not prioritised.

Many researchers lack the writing skills to describe their results to a general audience. They may also worry about whether the public will understand their findings, or about findings being used to influence controversial policies. These concerns cause some researchers to shy away from communicating their findings outside the academic community.

Propagating research findings beyond academic publications is particularly crucial for addressing certain social discrepancies. It can help families, communities, healthcare providers, policymakers, government agencies and other stakeholders to understand and respond to crises that plague society.

The benefits of sharing findings flow both ways. Engaging with other researchers and the public can lead to unexpected new connections and new ideas that could suggest fruitful new directions for research.

To benefit both researchers and the communities, the need to find innovative, accessible ways to share the work cannot be overstated.

Institutions and funding organisations should support more researchers to publish in open access journals so that the public doesn't have to pay to read them. Institutions and researchers should invest in partnerships that expand capacity for sharing results more broadly.

Furthermore, ethics committees should make it mandatory for researchers to share their results with the public. Every research participant should opt in or out of receiving results, as part of the process of giving informed consent.

There could be misunderstanding of the findings presented by the researcher because of technical terms. But this can be resolved by researchers engaging the services of professional writers or communication officers to help with translating their study into more accessible language and share it widely with media outlets and the public.

Sharing results with the people who are most affected by them makes us better researchers and ensures that our work can be used to improve people's lives. Institutions and collaborators must recognise the value of doing so.

46. How can research serve its full purpose according to the author?

A) With researchers being aware of public interests.

B) With its findings published in prominent journals.

C) With researchers creating products that enhance social development.

D) With its findings properly communicated beyond the academic circle.

47. Why do ordinary readers find it difficult to access the results of researchers' studies?

A) They cannot understand the academic language used for reporting these results.

B) They feel intimidated by the jargon researchers use to describe their findings.

C) They do not attend conferences where these results are freely available.

D) They have few chances to locate the journals that publish these findings.

48. What is one of the reasons some researchers won't prioritise communicating their findings to the public?

A) They can thrive on the papers published.

B) Their top consideration is to win tenure.

C) Their main goal is gaining recognition in their field.

D) They have to struggle to reach out to the community.

49. How can sharing findings benefit researchers themselves?

A) By helping them to identify new research directions.

B) By enabling them to understand crises plaguing society.

C) By enabling them to effectively address social discrepancies.

D) By helping them to forge ties with government agencies.

50. Why are researchers advised to engage the services of professional writers or communication officers?

A) To satisfy ethics committees' mandatory requirements of researchers.

B) To translate their study into languages accessible to readers overseas.

C) To make their publications correctly understood by the public.

D) To render their findings acceptable by prominent journals.

答案解析：

46. 由题干中的关键词 serve its full purpose (实现其全部目的) 定位到 第一段。第一段提到，For research to serve its full purpose, the results must leave the confines of research laboratories and academic journals (为了让研究实现其全部目的，其成果必须走出实验室和学术期刊的局限)，所以选 D。更多真题请微信搜索英语巴士小程序。

47. 由题干中的关键词 ordinary readers 和 difficult to access 定位到 第三段。第三段提到，Even articles freely available are usually written in academic language incomprehensible to the average reader (即使是免费获取的文章，通常也是用普通读者无法理解的学术语言写成的)，所以选 A。

48. 由题干中的关键词 prioritise communicating their findings 定位到 第四段。第四段提到，For researchers in the tenure-track system, their main goal is winning tenure... Pressures like this mean community-level outreach is not prioritised (对于终身教职轨道上的研究者来说，他们的主要目标是获得终身教职……这样的压力意味着面向社区的传播活动没有被优先考虑)，所以选 B。

49. 由题干中的关键词 benefit researchers themselves (让研究者自身受益) 定位到 第七段。第七段提到，Engaging with other researchers and the public can lead to unexpected new connections and new ideas that could suggest fruitful new directions for research (与其他研究者和公众互动可以带来意想不到的新联系和新想法，这些可能为研究指明富有成果的新方向)，所以选 A。

50. 由题干中的关键词 professional writers or communication officers 定位到 第十一段。第十一段提到，But this can be resolved by researchers engaging the services of professional writers or communication officers to help with translating their study into more accessible language (但这可以通过研究者聘请专业作家或通信官员来帮助将他们的研究翻译成更易懂的语言来解决)，所以选 C。