2018年北京卷

第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why Do We Get Angry?

Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering (触发) events, personality traits (特征), and our assessment of situations. 51

Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. _ 52 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.

Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.

____54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.

____55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.

A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.

B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.

C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.

D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.

E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.

F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.

G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.

答案解析：

51.F. 上文提到了解愤怒的原因可以帮助我们审视自己的行为并纠正不良习惯，而选项F中提到如果我们愿意用批判的眼光来评估自己，了解这些原因就能控制我们自己的愤怒，与上文内容相呼应，因此F是正确答案。

52.G. 下文提到“某个人被某件事触发而其他人没有被触发的原因通常是由于某人的个人历史和心理特征”，因此可以推断出上文是在说不同的人对同一件事情的反应不同，即G选项“不是每个人对事件的反应都一样，这就是为什么某件事可能触发一个人，也可能不触发另一个人”。

53.E. 上文提到有竞争力和低容忍度等个性特征的人更容易生气，而选项E指出拥有这些个性特征意味着处于愤怒前的状态，愤怒就在你的脑海中，因此选项E是正确答案。

54.A. 下文提到有时候甚至日常事件也会成为愤怒或预怒的来源，有时候无知和消极的情况展望也会产生愤怒，因此可以推断出我们的态度和观点也会影响我们内心的愤怒情绪，即选项A。

55.D. 下文提到愤怒很容易转变为暴力，最好了解愤怒出现的原因以防止其出现，因此可以推断出人们认为他们有理由感到愤怒，即选项D。